John 13

John 13:1–20 (NASB95)

1 Now before the Feast of the Passover, Jesus knowing that His hour had come that He would depart out of this world to the Father, having loved His own who were in the world, He loved them to the end. 2 During supper, the devil having already put into the heart of Judas Iscariot, the son of Simon, to betray Him, 3 Jesus, knowing that the Father had given all things into His hands, and that He had come forth from God and was going back to God, 4 got up from supper, and laid aside His garments; and taking a towel, He girded Himself. 5 Then He poured water into the basin, and began to wash the disciples’ feet and to wipe them with the towel with which He was girded. 6 So He came to Simon Peter. He said to Him, “Lord, do You wash my feet?” 7 Jesus answered and said to him, “What I do you do not realize now, but you will understand hereafter.” 8 Peter said to Him, “Never shall You wash my feet!” Jesus answered him, “If I do not wash you, you have no part with Me.” 9 Simon Peter said to Him, “Lord, then wash not only my feet, but also my hands and my head.” 10 Jesus said to him, “He who has bathed needs only to wash his feet, but is completely clean; and you are clean, but not all of you.” 11 For He knew the one who was betraying Him; for this reason He said, “Not all of you are clean.” 12 So when He had washed their feet, and taken His garments and reclined at the table again, He said to them, “Do you know what I have done to you? 13 “You call Me Teacher and Lord; and you are right, for so I am. 14 “If I then, the Lord and the Teacher, washed your feet, you also ought to wash one another’s feet. 15 “For I gave you an example that you also should do as I did to you. 16 “Truly, truly, I say to you, a slave is not greater than his master, nor is one who is sent greater than the one who sent him. 17 “If you know these things, you are blessed if you do them. 18 “I do not speak of all of you. I know the ones I have chosen; but it is that the Scripture may be fulfilled, ‘He who eats My bread has lifted up his heel against Me.’ 19 “From now on I am telling you before it comes to pass, so that when it does occur, you may believe that I am He. 20 “Truly, truly, I say to you, he who receives whomever I send receives Me; and he who receives Me receives Him who sent Me.”

約翰福音 13：1–20 (中文聖經和合本（神版．繁體）)

1 逾越節以前，耶穌知道自己離世歸父的時候到了，他既然愛世間屬自己的人，就愛他們到底。2 吃晚飯的時候，魔鬼已將賣耶穌的意思放在西門的兒子加略人猶大心裡。3 耶穌知道父已將萬有交在他手裡，且知道自己是從神出來的，又要歸到神那裡去，4 就離席站起來脫了衣服，拿一條手巾束腰，5 隨後把水倒在盆裡，就洗門徒的腳，並用自己所束的手巾擦乾。6 挨到西門彼得，彼得對他說：“主啊，你洗我的腳嗎？”7 耶穌回答說：“我所做的，你如今不知道，後來必明白。”8 彼得說：“你永不可洗我的腳！”耶穌說：“我若不洗你，你就與我無分了。”9 西門彼得說：“主啊，不但我的腳，連手和頭也要洗！。”10 耶穌說：“凡洗過澡的人，只要把腳一洗，全身就乾淨了；你們是乾淨的，然而不都是乾淨的。”11 耶穌原知道要賣他的是誰，所以說：“你們不都是乾淨的。” 12 耶穌洗完了他們的腳，就穿上衣服，又坐下，對他們說：“我向你們所做的，你們明白嗎？13 你們稱呼我夫子，稱呼我主，你們說的不錯，我本來是。14 我是你們的主，你們的夫子，尚且洗你們的腳，你們也當彼此洗腳。15 我給你們作了榜樣，叫你們照著我向你們所做的去做。16 我實實在在地告訴你們：僕人不能大於主人，差人也不能大於差他的人。17 你們既知道這事，若是去行就有福了。18 我這話不是指著你們眾人說的，我知道我所揀選的是誰。現在要應驗經上的話，說：‘同我吃飯的人，用腳踢我。’19 如今事情還沒有成就，我要先告訴你們，叫你們到事情成就的時候，可以信我是基督。20 我實實在在地告訴你們：有人接待我所差遣的，就是接待我；接待我，就是接待那差遣我的。”

Title:  What It Takes to Serve 標題：事奉的基本要求

  1. How is the hour defined in this verse? How is it different from verse 12:23?  How is Jesus’ love for the disciples defined in this verse?  What does that mean? 這節經文中如何定義『時候』？ 它與 12:23 節有何不同？ 這節經文如何定義耶穌對門徒的愛？ 那是什麼意思？

 

  1. John 13:21-30 has details of what this verse describes. According to this verse, who instigated the betrayal of Jesus?  約翰福音 13:21-30 詳細描述了這節經文所說的內容。根據這節經文，誰教唆猶大背叛耶穌？

 

  1. How does “the knowing” in this verse continue the knowing of 13:1? 這節經文中的「知道」如何延續 13:1 的知道？

 

  1. This verse is the beginning of the washing of the disciples’ feet. There are several things that Jesus has to do to prepare to wash the feet. We’ll examine them together. What did Jesus get up from? What does that represent?  What did Jesus lay aside? What is the metaphor for doing this? What does taking a towel mean? What is the meaning of girding oneself (ref Ps 93:1)?  What does this verse have to do with our title of this study?  這節經文是洗門徒腳的開始。為了準備洗腳，耶穌必須做幾件事。我們將一起研究它們。耶穌從什麼站起來？ 這代表什麼？ 耶穌脫了什麼？這樣做的隱喻是什麼？拿毛巾是什麼意思？束腰是什麼意思（參考詩篇 93:1）？ 這節經文與我們這次查經的標題有什麼關係？

Psalm 93:1 (NASB95) The Lord reigns, He is clothed with majesty; The Lord has clothed and girded Himself with strength; Indeed, the world is firmly established, it will not be moved.

詩篇 93：1 (中文聖經和合本（神版．繁體）) 1 耶和華作王， 他以威嚴為衣穿上。 耶和華以能力為衣，以能力束腰， 世界就堅定，不得動搖。

 

  1. Based on the passages listed below, describe the foot washing customs in Judea. How come no one washed the feet of Jesus and His disciples?  根據下面列出的經文，描述猶太的洗腳習俗。 為什麼沒有人為耶穌和祂的門徒洗腳？

1 Samuel 25:41 (NASB95) 41 She arose and bowed with her face to the ground and said, “Behold, your maidservant is a maid to wash the feet of my lord’s servants.”

Luke 7:40–50 (NASB95) 40 And Jesus answered him, “Simon, I have something to say to you.” And he replied, “Say it, Teacher.” 41 “A moneylender had two debtors: one owed five hundred denarii, and the other fifty. 42 “When they were unable to repay, he graciously forgave them both. So which of them will love him more?” 43 Simon answered and said, “I suppose the one whom he forgave more.” And He said to him, “You have judged correctly.” 44 Turning toward the woman, He said to Simon, “Do you see this woman? I entered your house; you gave Me no water for My feet, but she has wet My feet with her tears and wiped them with her hair. 45 “You gave Me no kiss; but she, since the time I came in, has not ceased to kiss My feet. 46 “You did not anoint My head with oil, but she anointed My feet with perfume. 47 “For this reason I say to you, her sins, which are many, have been forgiven, for she loved much; but he who is forgiven little, loves little.” 48 Then He said to her, “Your sins have been forgiven.” 49 Those who were reclining at the table with Him began to say to themselves, “Who is this man who even forgives sins?” 50 And He said to the woman, “Your faith has saved you; go in peace.”

1 Timothy 5:10 (NASB95) 10 having a reputation for good works; and if she has brought up children, if she has shown hospitality to strangers, if she has washed the saints’ feet, if she has assisted those in distress, and if she has devoted herself to every good work.

撒母耳記上 25：41 (中文聖經和合本（神版．繁體）) 41 亞比該就起來，俯伏在地說：“我情願作婢女，洗我主僕人的腳。”

路加福音 7：40–50 (中文聖經和合本（神版．繁體）) 40 耶穌對他說：“西門，我有句話要對你說。”西門說：“夫子，請說。”41 耶穌說：“一個債主有兩個人欠他的債：一個欠五十兩銀子，一個欠五兩銀子，42 因為他們無力償還，債主就開恩免了他們兩個人的債。這兩個人哪一個更愛他呢？”43 西門回答說：“我想是那多得恩免的人。”耶穌說：“你斷的不錯。”44 於是轉過來向著那女人，便對西門說：“你看見這女人嗎？我進了你的家，你沒有給我水洗腳，但這女人用眼淚濕了我的腳，用頭髮擦乾；45 你沒有與我親嘴，但這女人從我進來的時候就不住地用嘴親我的腳；。46 你沒有用油抹我的頭，但這女人用香膏抹我的腳。47 所以我告訴你，她許多的罪都赦免了，因為她的愛多；但那赦免少的，他的愛就少。”48 於是對那女人說：“你的罪赦免了！”49 同席的人心裡說：“這是甚麼人，竟赦免人的罪呢？”50 耶穌對那女人說：“你的信救了你，平平安安地回去吧！”

提摩太前書 5：10 (中文聖經和合本（神版．繁體）) 10 又有行善的名聲，就如養育兒女，接待遠人，洗聖徒的腳，救濟遭難的人，竭力行各樣善事。

 

6-8.        When would Peter realize the meaning of Jesus washing his feet?  Why did Peter feel strongly that Jesus should not wash his feet?  How do we prevent our leaders from washing our feet? Why does Jesus make the washing of feet equivalent to having a part with Him?  彼得到什麼時候才能夠明白耶穌洗他腳的意義呢？ 為什麼彼得強烈反對耶穌洗他的腳？ 我們又如何防止我們的領導人為我們洗腳？為什麼耶穌將洗腳視為與祂有份呢？

 

9-10.      What is Peter’s motivation to get his hands and head washed?  How do we interpret Jesus’ answer? 彼得洗手洗頭的動機是什麼？ 我們該如何解讀耶穌的回答？

 

  1. Who was not clean? 誰是不乾淨？

 

  1. What does taking His garments and reclining at the table symbolize? How does Jesus’ question, “ Do you know what I have done to you?” apply to you?  穿上衣服，又坐下象徵著什麼？ 耶穌問「你知道我對你做了什麼嗎？」如何適用於你？

 

13-14.   What roles did Jesus assume in this passage of vv. 1-20?  What is the command Jesus gave to the disciples?  The word ought is owed in Matt. 18:28; Luke 7:41; 16:5, 7; Phile. 1:18 and meant “metaphorically, to be bound or obligated to perform a duty.”[1] 耶穌在第1-20節的這段經文中扮演了什麼角色？ 耶穌給門徒的命令是什麼？ 「當」這個字出現在馬太福音中18:28；路 7:41； 16:5,7；腓利門書1:18。意思是欠或「比喻有義務或有義務履行某項職責」。

 

  1. Why is Jesus calling the foot washing an example? 為什麼耶穌會稱洗腳為榜樣？

 

  1. What do you think is the main point that Jesus made in this verse? How does it apply to you?  您認為耶穌在這節經文中提出的重點是什麼？ 它如何適用於你？

 

  1. There are two beatitudes in John, here and in 20:29. The two if in this verse is different.  The first if is hypothetical, a subjective possibility.  The second if implies the outcome depends on how the person makes his choice.   What is the things that we should know?  約翰福音中有兩個福，分別在這裡和 20:29 中。 這節經文中的兩個英文的「如果」是不同的。 第一個「如果」（既）是假設性的，是一種主觀的可能性。 第二個「如果」（若是）暗示結果取決於人們如何做出選擇。 我們知道什麼事？

 

  1. Jesus is quoting Ps 41:9 here. What does the phrase “lifted his heel” mean? How does the phrase “he who eats bread with me” color this situation?  耶穌在這裡引用了詩篇 41:9。 「用腳踢我」這句話是什麼意思？ 「同我吃飯的人」這句話如何給這情況不同的色彩？

 

  1. Why is Jesus foretelling the betrayal event (pay attention to the italic He)? 為什麼耶穌要預言背叛的事件（注意英文斜體的「他」，中文的基督不是完全準確）？

 

  1. Jesus extends the reception of him to the reception of His disciples. What does it mean that we have to do?  What mindset would help us get that done?  耶穌將對祂的接待延伸到對祂門徒的接待。 這意味著我們必須做什麼？ 什麼樣的心態可以幫助我們實現這個目標？

[1] Spiros Zodhiates, The Complete Word Study Dictionary: New Testament (Chattanooga, TN: AMG Publishers, 2000).

Comments are closed.